Roller ski interval training in biathletes: Assessing whether athletes meet high-intensity targets on the track
INTRODUCTION: Accidents during skiing competitions occur randomly, are not subject of any real-time measurements and cannot be repeated in real conditions. One of the methods of investigating accidents is computer simulation, which take into account the inertial and kinetic parameters of the object [1,2]. There are papers with human numerical models described in the literature [1,2] and commercial models, but they do not take into account the specifics of a skier on skis. Based on the literature review, it can be concluded that there is no available specification of a skier model with ski equipment, and therefore the authors set a goal to develop a multi segment model of a skier with ski equipment.
METHODS: 20 national team athletes, seniors and juniors, in alpine skiing were examined. The research methods used were: body geometry measurements, muscle torque, ROM in joints, reaction time, using: BIODEX, BLINK PRO, Kistler. Standard research procedures according to the manufacturer's protocols. Computer modeling was carried out in accordance with the principles of multi-body dynamics, using commercial MSC ADAMS software. The factors taken into account were: 21 body elements as rigid elements; resistance points, bonds; external and internal forces. Nonlinear stiffness resulting from the dependence of muscle torque on joint angle, angular velocity and muscle activation time was assumed.
RESULTS/DISCUSSION: Based on measurements in isometric and isokinetic conditions, torque functions were determined depending on the angle, holding time and angular velocity in the joint. Example results for the knee joint, M as a function of angle,velocity and time: These data for individual joints and inertial values for individual links were entered into the kinetic parameters of the skier model.
CONCLUSION: The multi-segment model can help to better understand how parts of a skier`s interact during accidents and can be used to identify risk factors.It still requires development.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: Calculations were partially made using resourses of Centre of Informatics Tricity Academic Supercomputer and networK CI TASK. Co-financed by the Minister of Science under the "Regional Excellence Initiative" Program (RID).
© Copyright 2025 10th International Congress on Science and Skiing, January 28 - February 1, 2025, Val di Fiemme, Italy. All rights reserved.
| Subjects: | |
|---|---|
| Notations: | endurance sports |
| Tagging: | Rollski |
| Published in: | 10th International Congress on Science and Skiing, January 28 - February 1, 2025, Val di Fiemme, Italy |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2025
|
| Pages: | 22 |
| Document types: | congress proceedings |
| Level: | advanced |