Background Personalized nutrition interventions for athletes are essential for enhancing performance and well-being, yet their effects on competition outcomes remain underexplored. This study evaluated the impact of an evidence-based, culturally appropriate personalized sports nutrition intervention on competition performance and general well-being among Sri Lankan track and field athletes. Methods Fourteen national-level athletes completed a 16-week nutrition intervention, during which performance data and qualitative insights were collected through face-to-face interviews at weeks 4, 8, and 16, supported by periodic telephonic follow-ups. Results The participants (mean age 23.0 ± 3.9 years; 57.1% male) represented sprinting, middle- and long-distance running, jumping, and throwing events. Following the intervention, participants reported reduced fatigue and enhanced performance. Many athletes also subjectively noted feeling more energetic and comfortable during training sessions, reflecting perceived improvements in general physical condition. Moreover, one athlete set a national record, six achieved personal bests, and four recorded seasonal bests during competition. They adhered to dietary recommendations and prescribed vitamins and supplements, acknowledging the importance of proper dietary habits including nutritional supplements in boosting performance. All athletes reported performance gains with respective ergogenic supplements, including caffeine (13/14), bicarbonate (3/4), creatine (3/3), beta-alanine (5/6), and beetroot juice (3/3). Five athletes reported fewer injuries and illnesses following the intervention, and two athletes reported that hydration advice enhanced their performance. Despite the positive outcomes, adverse effects were reported from the prescribed vitamins and supplements, including constipation, sleeplessness, and abdominal discomfort. Nearly all athletes expressed satisfaction with the consultation setting, intervention, assessments, and the research team. Conclusions This study highlights the importance of personalized, culturally specific sports nutrition interventions in improving athletic performance and general well-being.
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